Tag: Goshen NY

William Wells, Long Island Founding Settler

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There are numerous unresolved questions about the life of William Wells (c. 1605-1673) of Southold, Long Island. His origins in England are controversial and the date he settled on Long Island is hazy, but it is clear that he became one of the town’s leading citizens, and that he was probably my eight-times great-grandfather.

Southold, near the northeastern tip of Long Island, New York, had fertile soil, protected coves and a strategic location on the Atlantic coast. The English negotiated rights to use the land from the local native people and a group of settlers from nearby New Haven moved there in the 1640s, making Southold one of the earliest English settlements on the island. William Wells was one of the community’s founding settlers, and his large tombstone, which survives today in the Old Burying Ground, attests to his success.

Tombstone of William Wells, Southold, courtesy Richard Riis

A lawyer, he served at various times as town clerk, deputy constable and magistrate. In 1665, he represented Southold at the Convention of Deputies, assembled by the governor to adopt a code of laws for the Province of New York after the Dutch ceded New Netherland to England. He was subsequently appointed High Sheriff of New Yorkshire, which included the eastern half of Long Island. He was also a leading member of Southend’s Congregational Church.

In 1878, Rev. Charles Wells Hayes, a genealogist from Portland, Maine, published William Wells of Southold and his Descendants, A.D .1638-1878. This book is the foundation of my knowledge of the Wells family history in colonial America.1Three generations later, my branch of the Wells family moved to Goshen, New York, northwest of New York City, and the Orange County Genealogical Society holds several genealogies of the Wells family.

Immigrated in 1635

Hayes acknowledged there is some controversy about William’s origins. According to Southold tradition, William was born in Norwich, England, where his father held a high position in the Church of England, however, some researchers have questioned this. William probably left England in 1635. This was a period of religious turmoil and political unrest in England that eventually led to civil war. William was part of what is called the Great Migration to America, although it is not known whether he left because of his religious beliefs or because he was looking for economic opportunities in the fledgling colony. Surviving documents show William was present in Lynn, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, in 1638. He was in New Haven and Southold in 1639-40, and had settled permanently in Southold by 1649.

William was married before 1650 to Bridget, the widow of Henry Tuthill, who had two children from her first marriage. She died about three years later. William married his second wife, Mary, around 1654 and they had seven or eight children. William died at age 63 on Nov. 13, 1671, signing a deed on the day of his death conveying his entire estate to his wife. Records from the period indicate he owned considerable real estate, and Mary also inherited four oxen, six cows, 27 sheep and five horses.   

Mary, whose maiden name may have been Youngs, was an extraordinarily energetic person and a talented business woman. After William’s death, Mary remarried. At the time, most women were subordinate to their husbands, but she conducted property transactions without her second husband’s permission. She died in 1709.

Four Generations of the Wells Family

The line from William and Mary to my three-times great-grandmother Elizabeth Thompson in Ontario goes from William sr. to his eldest son, William. William jr. married Elizabeth Tuthill in 1681 and they had four children. William died young (possibly in 1696, when he would have been 36,)2 and two years later, the widowed Elizabeth remarried. John Wells, the second son of William jr., was born in Southold in 1689. He moved to Goshen, New York before 1730 and died there in 1761. He may have a first wife, then married Martha Payne, the widow of Henry Case. Most genealogies indicate that John and Martha had three sons and that she died in 1723, however, their daughter Elizabeth (my ancestor) was supposedly born in 1728. Perhaps Martha actually died in 1728, or Elizabeth was really born in 1723, or John married a third time, in which case Elizabeth’s mother’s name is unknown.3

Elizabeth Wells married John Yelverton. After he died, she married George Thompson in 1753 and they had eight children.4   Their son John Thompson and his wife, Catherine Bennett, moved from Goshen to Prince Edward County, Upper Canada around 1800.

Elizabeth (also known as Betsey) Thompson was born in Canada around 1801 and married Thomas Rixon, a recent immigrant from England. Betsey and Thomas Rixon were my direct ancestors through my father’s mother, Lillian (Forrester) Hamilton.

Lilian was interested in family history, especially in her father’s ancestors’ experiences as pioneer farmers in Upper Canada and Manitoba. She would have been astonished to discover that, on her mother’s side, her ancestors included founding settlers of colonial America.

See Also:

Janice Hamilton, “A Confirmed Connection: the Thompson Family of Goshen, N.Y. and Sophiasburg, Ontario”, Writing Up the Ancestors, Nov. 4, 2015, https://www.writinguptheancestors.ca/2015/11/a-confirmed-connection-thompson-family.html

Notes:

Primary records for these places and periods are hard to come by, but the authors of the research I have cited here seem to have been serious. Rev. Hayes was a member of the New England Historical Genealogy Society and had access to the records of family members who still lived on Long Island in the late 1800s. 

I visited the Orange County Genealogy Society in 2015 and copied Wells family trees that had been prepared by several professional genealogists and family members. I might find out more if I ever rejoin the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society. Meanwhile, I cannot claim unequivocally that William Wells was my ancestor, but it seems probable.

Writer Jacqueline Dinan has published an entertaining and informative book about Barnabas Horton, another founding settler of Southold. See: Jacqueline Dinan, In Search of Barnabas Horton, From English Baker to Long Island Proprietor, 1600-1680,New York: Pynsleade Books, 2015. The website associated with the book, barnabashorton.com, includes a number of additional resources.

For more information about early Southold, see the Southold Historical Society, http://www.southoldhistoricalsociety.org/, and the Family Tree wiki page for Southold, https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Southold,_Suffolk_County,_New_York_Genealogy.

Sources:

  1. Charles Wells Hayes,William Wells of Southold and his Descendants, A.D .1638-1878, Buffalo, N.Y.: Baker, Jones & Co., Printers and Binders, 1878. https://archive.org/stream/williamwellsofso00haye/williamwellsofso00haye_djvu.txt, accessed Jan. 1, 2018.
  2. Walter M. Wells Jr. “William Wells of Southold, Co-Founder of Southold, Long Island, N.Y. in 1640, 1605-1671; His Descendants: Male and Female (and their spouses) if Born Prior to 1771,” First Edition, Santa Rosa, Ca: 1986. Compilation. Copied at the Orange County Genealogy Society.
  3. A second source also says Martha Payne was Elizabeth’s mother. It is a transcript of the 1864 notebook belonging to Walter Thompson in which he wrote the family genealogy. This transcript can be found in the Myrtle Edwards Collection (MEC) at the Orange County Genealogy Society, Goshen, NY.
  4. Thompson Family, Oliver Popinoe Collection (OPC), Orange County Genealogy Society

The Thompsons: from Scotland to Ireland and America

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When my four-time great-grandfather John Thomson (1766-1851) moved his family from New York State to Upper Canada,1 he was continuing a family tradition of migration. His father and his grandparents had migrated from Ireland to colonial America around 1730, and an earlier generation had migrated from Scotland to Ireland.  Members of the Thompson family moved to Goshen, in Orange County, New York, from Edgeworthstown, Longford County, Leinster Province, Ireland, where they were members of Corboy Presbyterian Church.2 I do not know when or why the Thompson family went to Longford. They were probably originally from Scotland because the name Thompson is generally Scottish, and they were Presbyterian, a religion that was strongly identified with Scotland. 

Corboy Presbyterian Church was built in 1729 on the site of an earlier building. Photo credit: Stephen Lockington

Many English and Scottish families moved to Ireland in the 1600s. Most settled in northern Ireland, in what was then known as the Plantations of Ulster. When a group of Irish rebels were forced to leave Ireland in 1607 following a failed rebellion, the government in London confiscated their estates and encouraged Scots to settle on their land. Migration continued over the century. By 1672, an estimated 100,000 Scottish settlers were living in Ulster, and an additional 50,000 families had arrived by the early 1700s.3 Longford County, in central Ireland, also had a number of English and Scottish residents. 

Most of these immigrants were tenants or agricultural workers, attracted by the availability of cheap land. Some were merchants who carried on trade between Scotland and Ulster, and others were either common criminals or people who had been accused of political crimes. 

By 1715, the population of Ireland had grown so much that there was no more cheap land available, and the flow of immigrants stopped. High rents and land prices and expensive provisions became problematic. Several bad growing seasons in the 1720s ruined many families.4 In addition, the Scots in Ireland were annoyed that Presbyterians were barred from holding public office and that Presbyterian marriages were not legally recognized. So when agents from the American colonies and some ships’ captains told the Scots Irish of available land and great plenty in America, many people listened. In the 1720s, thousands of Presbyterians left Ireland, headed for the West Indies or for colonial America, especially for Pennsylvania, Virginia and the Carolinas.5

In 1729, several members of the Thompson family joined the exodus.6 They settled in Ulster County (now part of Orange County), New York, in the Hudson River Valley north of New York City. According to some family stories, William Thompson and his wife Ann Jenkins immigrated in 1729, but it is more likely they came in 1737,7 settling near their pioneering relatives on a farm near Goshen. 

According to an article published in a collection of biographies of 19th century Orange County residents, William and Ann had been “wealthy and highly respected.”8 Their good reputation was supported by a certificate signed by the minister at Corboy Presbyterian Church. It read, “That William Thompson and his wife Ann have lived many years in this neighbourhood and all along behaved as it becometh Christians; and may be received into Christian Communion wherever Providence may cast their lot. They have been orderly members of the Protestant dissenting Congregation. And their children have also behaved soberly, inoffensively; certificated at Cork Bay (sic), County Longford, Ireland, 12 May 1737.” 9

At least two of their children probably accompanied William and Ann to America: George (1719-1782), who was my five-times great-grandfather and married Elizabeth Wells, and Sarah (1729-1800), who married James Little.10

Notes 

  1. Janice Hamilton, “A Confirmed Connection: the Thompson Family of Goshen, New York and Sophiasburgh, Ontario.” Writing Up the Ancestors, http://www.writinguptheancestors.blogspot.ca/2015/11/a-confirmed-connection-thompson-family.html. 
  2. Several Thompson family historians have erroneously written that the family came from Cork, Cork Bay or Corkley. In fact, they were members of Corboy Presbyterian Church in County Longford. According to A Flickering Flame: a Brief History of Presbyterian Churches in Longford, Meath and Westmeath, by Chris Aitcheson, Corboy is one of the oldest Presbyterian congregations in Ireland outside of Ulster. The building is still in use.
  3. Michael Perceval Maxwell, “The Scots Migration to Ulster;” University College, Cork, Ireland, Multitext Project in Irish History, History of early Modern Ireland — Sample Materials, 1494-1815. http://multitext.ucc.ie/d/The_Scots_Migration_to_Ulster; accessed Nov. 9, 2015.
  4. Thomas J. Barron, “Presbyterian Exodus, Co. Longford, 1729,” http://www.from-ireland.net/presbyterian-exodus-1729-longford/; article originally appeared in Breifne, no. 18 (1977-78), 253; accessed Nov. 6, 2015.
  5. Kyle J. Betit, “Scots-Irish in Colonial America,” The Irish Times, Irish Ancestors, https://www.irishtimes.com/ancestor/magazine/articles/iha_scotsus1.htm; originally appeared in The Irish at Home and Abroad, vol. 2 no. 1 (1994-1995); accessed Nov. 9, 2015.
  6. They were part of a migration group organized by a man named Charles Clinton and sailed to America aboard the George and Anne. The voyage was a nightmare. I will write about it in another post.
  7. Elmire L. Conklin, “The Two George Thompsons of Early Orange County, N.Y.,” Orange County Genealogical Society, vol. 21 no. 1 (May 1991), p. 9; Thompson vertical files. Orange County Genealogical Society, Goshen N.Y.
  8. “John Hudson Thompson, M.D.” Portrait and Biographical Record of Orange County New York; Containing Portraits and Biographical Sketches of Prominent and Representative Citizens of the County, Together with Portraits of all the Presidents of the United States, New York and Chicago:  Chapman Publishing Co., 1894, 1101.
  9. “Thompson Genealogy (also Hudson and Duryea)” Orange County Genealogical Society, vol. 8 no. 4 (Feb. 1979), 30. Thompson vertical files. Orange County Genealogical Society, Goshen N.Y.
  10. Charles B. Thompson, “1500-1990. The Ancestors and Descendants of William Thompson; the Thompsons of Goshen and Georgia,“ undated manuscript; Orange County Genealogical Society, Goshen, N.Y.